Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies The Measurement of Territorial Homogeneity : A Test
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چکیده
This paper describes the competitive strategies of political parties – aiming at maximising electoral support – in the early years of democratic elections. By spreading through geographical space in search of votes, candidates and parties challenged adversaries in their traditional strongholds, a process which led to the reduction of the number of safe seats and uncontested constituencies. Evidence includes nine European countries from the nineteenth century until World War I and is based on electoral results by candidates at the level of single constituencies. Results attest for an increasing competition among parties and candidates, and illustrate the analogy between competitive strategies of parties in the geographical and ideological space. The paper further discusses the impact of the enlargement of suffrage and electoral formulas on entry barriers for new parties in the electoral arena.
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Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies Nationalism and Bounded Integration: What It Would Take to Construct a European Demos Eui Working Papers
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